Cabbubetob



Patented Feb. 23, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE chmaunnroa' Application filed August 30, 1930. Serial No. 479,025.

My invention relates to a new and useful improvement in a carburetor, and has for its object the provision of a carburetor which will be simple in structure, economical of manufacture, and highly efficient in use.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a carburetor having a container or a receptacle for liquid fuel and a compartment or container communicating with the liquid fuel container and provided for vaporizing.

Another object of the present'invention is the provision of a carburetor whereby a minimum consumption of fuel may be effected.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a carburetor so constructed and arranged that air may be delivered into the liquid vaporizable fuel and from there permitted to ass into the mixing compartment.

Other objects will appear hereinafter.

The invention consists in the combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter described and claimed.

The invention will be best understood by a reference to the accompanying drawings which form a part of this specification and in which, 1

Fig. 1 is a central vertical sectional view of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary sectional'view taken on line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken on line 33 of Fig. 1 with parts broken away.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on line 4-4 of Fig. 1.

The invention comprises a receptacle or container 7 into which liquid fuel may be 0 delivered through the pipes 8 and 9, the lower end of the pipe 9 being providedwith a float valve operated by the float 10 mounted on the arm 11 so that when the liquid fuel in the receptacle orcontainer 7 has risen to a predetermined height. the valve may be closed and the admission of more fuel into the receptacle or container? prevented. The valve and operating mechanism consists of a ball 12 adapted to close the opening of the cap 13 on which the arm 11 is pivoted. An ofi'set extension 14 of this arm is provided with a tit 15 so that when the arm 11 rocks downwardly the tit 15 will lift the ball 12 from its seat and permit flow of fuel into the receptacle or container 7.

An air conduit 16 communicates with the pipe 17 which extends downwardly of the receptacle 7 and has its lower end curved to provide the circular portion 18 which is open at one end and provided throughout its length with a plurality of perforations 19 so that the. air passing inwardly through the pipe 17 will pass upwgrdly through the liquid fuel in the receptac e 7 and thus become saturated with the liquid fuel and also assist in vaporizing the liquid fuel. I I

The receptacle or container 7 is threaded onto the closed end of the shell 20 which provides the mixing compartment 21. A fitting 22 is mounted in the base 23 of the shell 20.

A central passage 24 is formed in the fitting 22 and controlled by the plug valve 25 having the diametrically extending passage 26 formed therein. Threaded on the reduced upper end 27 of the fitting 22 is the pipe 28 having the flared or funnel shaped portion 29 at its upper end. Positioned within the pipe 28 and concentric thereof and secured at one .end in the fitting 22 in registration with the 'which is movably mounted relatively to the funnel shaped portion 29. This closure 31 is-provided with a lug 32 having a slot 33 formed therein through which extends the pin 34. Leading into the pipe 28 is an air conduit 35 provided with the butterfly control valve 36. A cylindrical sleeve 37 is mounted on the upper end of the shell 20 and projected inwardly thereof so as to embrace in concentric relation the upper end of the pipe 28. 3 A butterfly control valve 38 is mounted in the sleeve 37. By changing the size of the sleeve 37 and particularly the attaching flange thereon, the carburetor may be adapted for use on various sized engines. In adapting the carburetor to various sized* engines, the plugs 61 will also have to be changed to provide different sized passages extending therethrough. The size of the passage through the plug 61 will, of course, de-

termine the amount of .air which is permitted to pass through the pipe 17, and-by having the passage larger, a richer mixture of vaporized fuel will be drawn through the passage 24.

Threaded into one side of the shell 20 is the cylindrical conduit 39 having openings 40 formed therein and provided on its end with the closure cap 41 in which a socket 42 is provided. At the inner end of the conduit 39 is provided the valve seat 43 against which the valve head 45 is adapted to engage so as to close communication of the chamber 21 with the atmosphere at this point. A valve stem 46 is mounted on the valve head 45 and projected through the piston'47 and engaged at its free end in the socket 42. A spring 48 serves normally to retain the valve head 45 in closing position.

In use, the shell 20 is secured in any .desired manner in communication with the intake manifold of the engine with which used.

As the engine is started, a vacuum will be produced in the chamber 21 thus drawing into the chamber av quantity of air through the pipe 35, the closure 31 being lifted'from its closing position. At the same time, when the passage 26. establishes communication through. the passage 24 between the receptacle 7 and the chamber 21, vaporized fuel will be drawn into the chamber 21 andair will drawn through the pipe 17 and after passlng through the fuel in the receptacle 7 will pass into the chamber 21. The closure 31 will serve as a deflecting and mixing chamber. This closure 31 also ser\ es as a check valve for back pressure and also as a retarding and mixing agent for retarding the fuel mixture which flows out of the pipe 30 and for mixing this fuel mixture with the additional air which flows through the pipe 35. It will be noted that the pipe 35 communicates. with the pipe 28 below the discharge end of the pipe 30. This structure is prov ded sothat a more thorough mixing of the a1r and vaporized fuel may beeffected.

As the engine continues to rotate, the vacuum produced in the chamber )21 will move the valve 45 gradually from its seat, the piston 47 and the size of the bleed opening 49 regulating the speed of opening of the valve. As the fuel is used in the receptacle 7, the float valve willopen and permit additional fuel to be delivered thereto.

The size of the receptacle and the adjustment of the float valve mechanism will de-' termine the distance the air passing outward- 1y frdm the perforations 19 will have to pass through liquid fuel so that the richness of the mixture passing to the chamber 21 can be partially regulated in this manner. The position of thecontrol valve 36 will also regulate the richness of the mixture as will also the size of the opening through the plug 61 which is mounted in the end of the conduit 16.

With a carburetor constructed in this manner, there is nothing but vaporized fuel delivered to the chamber 21, and this vaporized fuel when delivered to the chamber 21 is aerated to a certain degree. This aeration is effected by the passing of the air through the liquid fuel in the receptacle 7 and then by a mixing in the pipe 28 with the air admitted through the pipe 35. By adjusting the size of the opening through the plug 61 the air intake through the pipe 17 is adjusted and by maintaining the opening through the plug 61 of smaller diameter than the free passage through the fitting 22 there will always be provided a vacuum in the compartment 21, making it possible to draw all of the fuel from the gas tank and also draw all of the vaporized fuel from the receptacle 7. Further aeration is effected in the chamber 21. By proper adjustment, the valve plug 25 will serve to regulate the amount of fuel mixture which is drawn into the chamber 21. By means of this valve 25, the flow of fuel from the receptacle 7 may be controlled so that the butterfly valve 38' does not have to be entirely closed in order to control the motor. It is preferred that this valve 38 be always left open enough so that sufficient air may pass into the interior of the shell 20 when the valve 45 is off its seat to fill the pistons with air when the motor is coming to a stop so that the suction ordinarily directed into the crank case will be avoided and oil pumping will be eliminated.

With a carburetor constructed in this manner, a minimum consumption of fuel is effected, a maximum efficienc is attained, and a fuel supply and mixture a orded which permits of a quick acceleration of the engine. Flooding of the engine and the evil effects resulting from flooding and improper .combustion are avoided.

While I have illustrated and described the preferred form of construction of my invention, I do not wish to limit myself to the precise details of structure shown, but desire to avail myself of such variations and modifications as may come within the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by LettersPatentis:

1. A carburetor, comprising: a liquid fuel receptacle; a shell separate from and mounted onsaid-receptacle to provide a mixing compartment; a passage bearing member communicating said receptacle adjacent its upper end with said compartment; 3.;(115- char e tube mounted in said passage bearing mem r and communicating with the passage therein; apipemounted on said assage bearing member and embracing said discharge tube, said discharge tube terminating below the. upper end of said pipe, the upper end of said pipe beingjopen; an air conduit communicating with the interior ofvsaid pipe below the upper end of said discharge tube; and a conical shaped deflecting member movably mounted on the upper end of said pipe. 2. A carburetor, comprising: a liquid fuel receptacle: a shell separate from and mounted on said receptacle to provide a mixing compartment; a passage bearing member communicating said receptacle adjacent its upper end with said compartment; a discharge tube mounted in said passage bearing member and communicating with the passage therein; a pipe mounted on said passage hearing member and embracing said discharge tube, said discharge tube terminating below the upper end of. said pipe, the upper end of said pipe being open; an air conduit communicating with the interior of said pipe below the upper end of said discharge tube; a conical shaped deflecting member movably mounted on the upper end of said pipe; an auxiliary air conduit communicating said compartment with the atmosphere; and a valve for controlling the communication through said auxiliary air conduit.

3. In a carburetor of the class described, a liquid fuel receptacle; a mixing compartment bearing member mounted on and separate from said receptacle; a passage bearing memberfor establishing communication between said receptacle and the interior of said compartment bearing member; a discharge member on said passage bearing member, said discharge member and said passage hearing member co-operatin g to provide a conduit for the passage of vapors from said receptacle into said compartment bearing member; a control valve for controlling flow of vapors from said receptacle into said compartment bearing member; a pipe open at one cnd'and mounted on its opposite end on said passage bearing member and embracing said discharge member, said discharge member terminating inwardly of the open end of said a pipe;

4. In a carburetor of the class described, a liquid fuel receptacle; a mixing compartment bearing member mounted on and separate from said receptacle; a passage bearing member for establishing communication between said receptacle andthe interior of said compartment bearingmember; a discharge member on said passage bearing member,

said discharge member and said passage bearing member co-operating to provide a conduit for the passage of vapors from said receptacle into sald compartment bearing member; a control valve for controlling flow of vapors from said receptacle into said compartment bearing member; a pipe open at one end and mounted on its opposite end on said passage bearing member and embraclng said discharge member, said discharge member terminating inwardly of the open member co-operatingto provide a conduit for the passage of vapors from said receptacle into said compartment bearing member; a control valve for controlling flow of vapors from said receptacle into said compartment bearing member; a pipe open at one end and mounted on its opposite end on said passage bearing member and embracing said discharge member, said discharge member terminating inwardly of the open end of said pipe; a movable closure for the open end 0 said pipe; and an air conduit for delivering air into said pipe below the discharge end of said discharge member.

6. In a carburetor of the class described, a liquid fuel receptacle; a mixing compart ment bearing member mounted on and separate from said receptacle; a passage bearing memberfor establishing communication between said receptacle and the interior of said compartment bearing member; a discharge member on said passage bearing member, said discharge member and said passage bearing member co-operating to provide a conduit for the passage of vapors from said receptacle into said compartment bearing member; a control valve for controlling flow of vapors from said receptacle into said compartment bearing member; a pipe open at one end and mounted on its opposite end on said passage bearing member and embracing said discharge member, said discharge member terminating inwardly of the open end of said pipe; a movable closure for the open end of said pipe; and means for conducting air into the interior of said receptacle below the normal level of the fuel therein.

In testimonylwhereof I have signed the foregoing specification.

WESLEY M. CROSS. 

